Ten Courses of Action

31/05/2010 13:56

  1. "And how are there three kinds of bodily conduct not in accordance with the Dhamma, unrighteous conduct?

  • Here someone kills living beings: he is murderous, bloody-handed, given to blows and violence, and merciless to all living beings.

  • He takes what is not given: he takes by way of theft another's chattels and property in the village or in the forest.

  • He commits sexual misconduct: he has intercourse with such (women) as are protected by their mother, father, (mother and father), brother, sister,or relatives, who have a husband, who are protected by law, and also with who are already engaged.

That is how there are three kinds of bodily conduct not in accordance with the Dhamma, unrighteous conduct.

  1. "And how are there four kinds of verbal conduct not in accordance with the Dhamma, unrighteous conduct?

  • Here someone speaks falsehood: when summoned to a court or to a meeting, or to his relatives' presence, or to his guild, or to the royal family's presence, and questioned as a witness thus, 'So, good man, tell what you know,' then, not knowing, he says 'I know,' or knowing, he says 'I do not know,' not seeing, he says 'I see,' or seeing, he says 'I do not see'; in full awareness he speaks falsehood for his own ends or for another's ends or for some trifling worldly end.

  • He speaks maliciously: he repeats elsewhere what he has heard here for the purpose of causing division from these, or he repeats to these what he has heard elsewhere for the purpose of causing division from those, and he thus divides the united, creates divisions, , enjoys discord, rejoices in discord, delights in discord, he is a speaker of words that create discord.

  • He speaks harshly: he utters such words as are rough, hard, hurtful to others, offensive to others, bordering on anger and unconducive to concentration.

  • He engages in idle chatter: as one who tells that which is unseasonable, that which is not fact, that which is not good, that which is not the Dhamma, that which is not the Discipline, and he speaks out of season speech not worth recording, which is unreasoned, inmmoderate, and unbeneficial.

That is how there are four kinds of verbal conduct not in accordance with the Dhamma, unrighteous conduct.

  1. "And how are there three kinds of mental conduct not in accordance with the Dhamma, unrighteous conduct?

  • Here someone is covetous: he covets another's chattels and property thus: 'Oh, that what is another's were mine!'

  • Or he has a mind of ill-will, and intentions of hate thus: 'May these beings be slain and slaughtered, may they be cut off, perish, or be annihilated!'

  • Or he has wrong view, distorted vision, thus: 'There is nothing given, nothing offered, nothing sacrificed, no fruit and ripening of good and bad kammas, no this world, no other world, no mother, no father, no spontaneously (born) beings,no good and virtuous monks and brahmans that have themselves realized by direct knowledge and declare this world and the other world.'

That is how there are three kinds of mental conduct not in accordance with the Dhamma, unrighteous conduct.

 

 

MN 41 Saleyyaka Sutta: The Brahmans of Sala

(...)

  1. Kathañca gahapatayo tividhaṃ kāyena adhammacariyā visamacariyā hoti?

  • Idha gahapatayo ekacco pāṇātipātī hoti luddo lohitapāṇī hatapahate niviṭṭho adayāpanno pāṇabhūtesu.

  • Adinnādāyī kho pana hoti, yaṃ taṃ parassa paravittūpakaraṇaṃ gāmagataṃ vā araññagataṃ vā adinnaṃ theyyasaṅkhātaṃ ādātā hoti.

  • Kāmesu micchācārī kho pana hoti, yā tā māturakkhitā piturakkhitā mātāpiturakkhitā bhāturakkhitā bhaginirakkhitā ñātirakkhitā gottarakkhitā dhammarakkhitāsassāmikā saparidaṇḍā, antamaso mālāguṇaparikkhittāpi, tathārūpāsu cārittaṃ āpajjitā hoti.

Evaṃ kho gahapatayo tividhaṃ kāyena adhammacariyā visamacariyā hoti.



 

  1. Kathañca gahapatayo catubbidhaṃ vācāya adhammacariyā visamacariyā hoti?

  • Idha gahapatayo ekacco musāvādī hoti sabhāgato vā parisagato vā ñātimajjhagato vā pūgamajjhagato vā abhinīto sakkhipuṭṭho: 'ehambho purisa yaṃ jānāsi taṃ vadehī'ti. So ajānaṃ vā āha jānāmīti, jānaṃ vā āha na jānāmīti, apassaṃ vā āha passāmīti, passaṃ vā āha na passāmīti. Iti attahetu vā parahetu vā āmisa kiñcikkhahetu vā sampajānamusā bhāsitā hoti.

  • Pisuṇāvāco kho pana hoti: ito sutvā amutra akkhātā imesaṃ bhedāya, amutra vā sutvā imesaṃ akkhātā amūsaṃ bhedāya. Iti samaggānaṃ vā bhettā bhinnānaṃ vā anuppadātā, vaggārāmo vaggarato vagganandī vaggakaraṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti.

  • Pharusāvāco kho pana hoti. Yā sā vācā aṇḍakā kakkasā parakaṭukā parābhisajjanī kodhasāmantā asamādhisaṃvattanikā, tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti.

  • Samphappalāpi kho pana hoti: akālavādī abhūtavādī anatthavādī adhammavādī avinayavādī anidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā akālena anapadesaṃ apariyantavatiṃ anatthasaṃhitaṃ.

Evaṃ kho gahapatayo catubbidhaṃ vācāya adhammacariyā visamacariyā hoti.



 

  1. Kathañca gahapatayo tividhaṃ manasā adhammacariyā visamacariyā hoti?

  • Idha gahapatayo ekacco abhijjhālu hoti: yaṃ taṃ parassa paravittūpakaraṇaṃ taṃ abhijjhitā hoti. 'Aho vata yaṃ parassa taṃ mama assā'ti.

  • Byāpannacitto kho pana hoti paduṭṭhamanasaṅkappo: ime sattā haññantu vā vajjhantu vā ucchijjantu vā vinassantu vā mā vā ahesuṃ iti vā'ti.

  • Micchādiṭṭhi kho pana hoti viparītadassano: natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ, natthi sukaṭadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko, natthi mātā, natthi pitā, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī'ti.

Evaṃ kho gahapatayo tividhaṃ manasā adhammacariyā visamacariyā hoti.


 

 

Kathañ-ca = and how

gahapatayo (voc. pl.)= householders

pāṇātipātī (nom. sg.)= killer

lohitapāṇī (nom. sg.)= blood-handed

ludda = fierce

tividhaṃ = in three ways

kāyena (inst. sg.) = by the body

adhammacariyā (nom. sg.) = not in accordance with the dhamma

visamacariyā (nom. sg.) = of wrong conduct

hoti = is

Idha= here

ekacco = one certain person

lohitapāṇī = bloody-handed

hatapahate (loc. sg.) = blows & violence

niviṭṭho (pp. of nivisati) = settled, fixed

adayāpanno = merciless

pāṇabhūtesu. (loc. pl.) = to all living beings

Adinnādāyī = a taker of what is not given

parassa (gen. sg.) = another's

paravitt-ūpakaraṇaṃ (acc. sg.) = chattels and property

gāma-gataṃ = in the village

vā = or

arañña-gataṃ = in the forest (in wilderness)

adinnaṃ = what is not given

theyya-saṅkhātaṃ (adv.) = by way of theft

ādātā (nom. sg.)= a taker

Kāmesu (loc. sg.)= in sensual pleasures

micchācārī (nom. sg.) = s.o who has wrong conduct

mātu-rakkhitā = protected by the mother

pitu-rakkhitā = protected by the father

Bhātu = brother

bhagini = sister

ñāti = relatives

gotta =lineage, good name

dhamma = penalty

sassāmikā (nom. sg.)= having a husband, married

saparidaṇḍā (nom. sg.) = a certain class of women 

antamaso (adv.) = even

mālāguṇa-parikkhitta = with garlands thrown round

tathārūpāsu (loc. pl.) = with such like (women [in this case])

cārittaṃ āpajjitā = s.o who mix

Musavâdî (nom. sg.)= a speaker of falsehood

Sabhâ-gato = to a court

Parisa-gato =to a meeting

vā ñāti-majjha-gato = to his relatives’ presence

pūga-majjha-gato = to his guild

abhinīta (pp. of abhi-neti) = summoned 

sakkhi-puṭṭha = asked as a witness

ehambho purisa (voc. sg.)= good man

yaṃ jānāsi taṃ vadehi = say what you know

So ajānaṃ vā āha jānāmīti =not knowing he says I know

jānaṃ vā āha na jānāmīti= knowing he says I do not know

apassaṃ vā āha passāmīti = not seeing he says I see

passaṃ vā āha na passāmīti = seeing he says I do not see

atta-hetu = for his own end

para-hetu = for another’s end

āmisa kiñcikkha-hetu = for any other trifling end

sampajānamusā = with full awareness

bhāsitā (nom. sg.) = he speaks (he is a speaker)

Pisuṇāvāco kho pana hoti= he speaks maliciously

ito sutvā = what is heard there

amutra Akkhātā= repeater elsewhere

imesaṃ bhedāya (dat. sg.)= for the purpose of causing division from these

amutra vā sutvā = what is heard there

amūsaṃ akkhātā = repeater

Iti samaggānaṃ vā bhettā =he is a diviser of the united

bhinnānaṃ vā anuppadātā = a creator of divisions

Vaggā-rāmo = enjoying discord

vagga-rato = rejoicing in discord

vagga-nandī = delighting in discord

vagga-karaṇiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti = is a speaker of words that create discord

Pharusāvāco kho pana hoti = he speaks harshly

Yā sā vācā aṇḍakā kakkasā

parakaṭukā= hurtful to others

parābhisajjanī= censorous of others

kodha-sāmantā = bordering on anger

asamādhi-saṃvattanikā = unconstructive for concentration

tathārūpiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā hoti. = he is a gossip (he engages in idle chatter)

Samphappalāpi kho pana hoti=

akāla-vādī as one who speaks what is unreasonable

abhūta-vādī = that which is not fact

anattha-vādī = that which is not good,

adhamma-vādī = that which is not the Dhamma

avinaya-vādī = that which is not the Discipline,

anidhānavatiṃ vācaṃ bhāsitā =a speaker of speech not worth recording

akālena = out of season

anapadesaṃ = unreasoned

apariyantavatiṃ = indefinite

anatthasaṃhitaṃ. = unconnected with good

Parassa (gen. sg.) = another’s

Paravittu-upakaranam (acc. Sg.) = chattels and property

Abhijjhitâ = coveter

Aho= ah

vata yaṃ parassa= that what is another’s

taṃ mama assā = that it be mine

Byāpanna-citto kho pana hoti = or he has a mind of ill will

hoti paduṭṭha-mana-saṅkappo =intention with an ill-will mind

ime sattā = these beings

haññantu = may they be slain

vajjhantu = may they be slaughtered

ucchijjantu = may they be cut off,

vinassantu = may they perish

mā ahesuṃ = may they be annihiladed

Micchādiṭṭhi kho pana hoti = he has wrong view

Viparīta-dassano = one with distorted vision

natthi dinnaṃ,= 'There is nothing given

natthi yiṭṭhaṃ = nothing offered

natthi hutaṃ, = nothing sacrificed

natthi sukaṭadukkaṭānaṃ

kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko = no fruit and ripening of good and bad kammas

natthi ayaṃ loko = no this world,

natthi paro loko, no other world

natthi mātā = no mother

natthi pitā= no father

opapātikā = spontaneously (born)

samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā (nom. pl.) = good brahmins and monks

paṭipannā [pp. of paṭipajjati] = following

ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ = this world and the other world

sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā = have themselves realized by direct knowledge

pavedenti= they declare



 


 

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